diff --git a/static/messages.js b/static/messages.js
index 85087d64..69de54f1 100644
--- a/static/messages.js
+++ b/static/messages.js
@@ -2122,6 +2122,17 @@ function attachLiveStream(activeSid, streamId, uploaded=[], options={}){
   function snapshotLiveTurn(){
     if(typeof snapshotLiveTurnHtmlForSession==='function') snapshotLiveTurnHtmlForSession(activeSid);
   }
+  // Throttled per-frame variant. snapshotLiveTurnHtmlForSession serializes the
+  // whole (growing) live turn via turn.outerHTML — O(n)/frame -> O(n^2) over a
+  // long answer, and a real GC-pressure source. The snapshot only backs
+  // mid-stream session-switch restore, and the switch path (sessions.js) plus
+  // the stream event boundaries (tool/done) already capture synchronously, so a
+  // coarse trailing snapshot during streaming is sufficient. (#5455 WS2.2)
+  let _snapshotLiveTurnTimer=null;
+  function _throttledSnapshotLiveTurn(){
+    if(_snapshotLiveTurnTimer) return;
+    _snapshotLiveTurnTimer=setTimeout(()=>{_snapshotLiveTurnTimer=null;snapshotLiveTurn();},700);
+  }
   // Throttled variant for token-by-token updates. persistInflightState()
   // calls saveInflightState() which does JSON.parse + JSON.stringify + write
   // on the entire inflight map every call. On a fast model at 60 tok/s with
@@ -3789,8 +3800,10 @@ function attachLiveStream(activeSid, streamId, uploaded=[], options={}){
     // Also handles DSML-prefixed variants from DeepSeek/Bedrock, including
     // spacing variants like "<｜DSML |function_calls" and truncated prefixes.
     if(!s) return s;
-    const lo=String(s).toLowerCase();
-    if(lo.indexOf('function_calls')===-1 && lo.indexOf('dsml')===-1) return s;
+    // Case-insensitive presence check without allocating a full lowercased copy
+    // of the (growing) text on every call — cuts per-token/per-frame GC pressure.
+    // Equivalent to the previous toLowerCase()+indexOf gate. (#5455 WS2.3)
+    if(!/function_calls|dsml/i.test(String(s))) return s;
     // Support both plain <function_calls> and DSML-prefixed variants.
     s=s.replace(/<(?:\s*｜\s*DSML\s*[｜|]\s*)?function_calls>[\s\S]*?<\/(?:\s*｜\s*DSML\s*[｜|]\s*)?function_calls>/gi,'');
     // Also remove truncated opening tags (missing closing ">" at stream tail).
@@ -4639,7 +4652,7 @@ function attachLiveStream(activeSid, streamId, uploaded=[], options={}){
         if(typeof _syncLiveWorklogReasonsForAnchor==='function') _syncLiveWorklogReasonsForAnchor(assistantRow, displayText);
       }
       scrollIfPinned();
-      snapshotLiveTurn();
+      _throttledSnapshotLiveTurn();
     };
     const frameIntervalMs=_shouldUseStreamFade()?33:66;
     if(sinceLastMs>=frameIntervalMs){
@@ -4695,10 +4708,21 @@ function attachLiveStream(activeSid, streamId, uploaded=[], options={}){
       syncInflightAssistantMessage();
       if(!S.session||S.session.session_id!==activeSid) return;
       _completeAutomaticCompressionOnLiveProgress(activeSid);
-      const parsed=_parseStreamState();
       if(_freshSegment) appendThinking('', _liveThinkingPlacement());
-      if(String((parsed&&parsed.displayText)||'').trim()||assistantRow) ensureAssistantRow();
-      _scheduleRender(parsed);
+      // Once the assistant row exists its creation gate is already satisfied, and
+      // the throttled _doRender re-parses once per frame anyway — so the per-token
+      // full-text parse here is pure waste (O(n)/token -> O(n^2) over the answer).
+      // Still call ensureAssistantRow() every token exactly as before (cheap; it
+      // also starts a new segment on a post-tool _freshSegment). Only the parse is
+      // skipped, and only once the row exists. (#5455 WS2.3)
+      if(assistantRow){
+        ensureAssistantRow();
+        _scheduleRender();
+      }else{
+        const parsed=_parseStreamState();
+        if(String((parsed&&parsed.displayText)||'').trim()) ensureAssistantRow();
+        _scheduleRender(parsed);
+      }
     });
 
     source.addEventListener('interim_assistant',e=>{